Key Factors in The Laser Cutting Of Carbon Steel Process: Focus, Air Pressure And Speed

In the process of laser cutting carbon steel, several parameters work together to affect the quality of the cut section. Among them, the three parameters of focus, air pressure and speed are particularly critical.

The focal point is the core element of laser cutting carbon steel. The position of the focal point directly affects the distribution of cutting energy. When the focus is too high, the lower part of the cutting seam is not enough energy, resulting in the cutting process hanging ball slag. This is because the focus is too high so that the energy can not be effectively transferred to the bottom of the cutting seam, so that the material at the bottom of the cutting can not be fully melted and discharged. The smaller the focal point, the thinner the cutting seam, which is conducive to improving cutting accuracy, but if the slag discharge is not smooth during the cutting process, it will hang hard slag. The precise control of the focal point is the key to ensure the cutting quality. In practice, the position of the focal point needs to be adjusted according to the thickness of the cut material and the requirements of the cutting process. Generally speaking, the position of the focal point should be kept at a certain distance from the surface of the cutting material to ensure the effective transmission of cutting energy.

Air pressure is also an important factor affecting the quality of the cut section. Excessive air pressure will make the cutting section rough. This is because too much air pressure will have an impact on the cutting surface, making the material on the cutting surface blown away, which leads to uneven cutting surface. While too little air pressure, the molten material at the bottom cannot be blown away and will form a buildup at the bottom of the cut. This not only affects the quality of the cut, but can also lead to problems such as short circuits during the cutting process. The right air pressure can ensure the smooth discharge of the molten slag during the cutting process, thus ensuring the quality of the cut section. In practice, the size of the air pressure needs to be adjusted according to the thickness of the cutting material and cutting speed, generally speaking, the thicker the cutting material, the greater the air pressure required.

Speed also has an important impact on the quality of the cut section. Cutting speed is too fast, it will lead to impermeable cutting, can not cut the material completely. This is because the cutting speed is too fast, the laser energy is too late to fully melt the cutting material, which leads to incomplete cutting during the cutting process. And the cutting speed is too slow, the cutting section will be rough. This is because the cutting speed is too slow, the laser energy stays on the cutting surface for too long, which makes the material on the cutting surface be over-melted and oxidized. Reasonable control of the cutting speed is an important part of ensuring the cutting quality. In practice, the cutting speed needs to be adjusted according to the thickness of the cutting material and the requirements of the cutting process. Generally speaking, the thicker the cutting material, the slower the cutting speed should be.

Focus, air pressure and speed are three important parameters that affect the section quality of laser cutting carbon steel. In practice, the interaction of these three parameters needs to be considered comprehensively to achieve optimization of cutting quality. By reasonably adjusting the focus position, air pressure size and cutting speed, it can effectively improve cutting efficiency and cutting quality to meet different cutting needs.